AP Top News｜乌克兰核电站进入应急供电第五天，泽连斯基宣布900亿美元军售协议

乌克兰基辅（美联社）——周六，位于乌克兰境内、现被俄罗斯占领的扎波罗热核电站已连续第五天依靠应急发电机运行，引发日益严重的安全担忧。

与此同时，乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基宣布与美国达成一项价值900亿美元的军火协议，并谴责匈牙利在乌克兰上空开展“危险”的无人机情报收集活动。

乌克兰绿色和平组织周六警告称，位于欧洲最大的扎波罗热核电站的外部电力供应已被切断超过四天，这座位于战争前线的六反应堆设施正经历创纪录的停电。

联合国核监督机构表示，在周二最后一条输电线路被切断后，目前正使用应急柴油发电机为冷却和安全系统供电。国际原子能机构总干事拉斐尔·格罗西周四与俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京会面，但外部电力供应仍未恢复。

必须对反应堆堆芯和乏核燃料进行冷却，以防止其过热并引发类似2011年日本福岛核电站遭遇地震和海啸时发生的危险熔毁事故。联合国原子能监督机构多次警告，该地区可能发生类似切尔诺贝利的辐射灾难——1986年，位于西北方向约480公里（300英里）处的切尔诺贝利核电站曾发生反应堆爆炸。

乌克兰官员证实了局势的严重性。能源部长斯维特拉娜·赫林丘克向美联社表示，"该核电站仍处于停电模式，这严重违反了其正常运行的条件"，这是自2022年2月俄罗斯全面入侵以来的第10次此类事件。她表示，原因是俄军再次发动炮击，破坏了从乌克兰能源系统向核电站供电的唯一输电线路。

该工厂由俄罗斯控制的Telegram频道周六表示，"现场储备了充足的柴油燃料，可确保发电机长期自主运行。"

乌克兰绿色和平组织的辐射与核能专家扬·范德普特表示：“应急柴油发电机被视为最后一道防线，仅在极端情况下使用。”

他表示：“这无疑是自2022年3月俄罗斯占领扎波罗热核电站以来最严重、最重要的事件。”

卫星图像显示，俄罗斯可能正试图重启一座核反应堆

普特指出，正是俄罗斯的"蓄意行动"导致该核电站与乌克兰外部电网断开连接。他警告称，这一事态发展推动了俄罗斯国有核能公司俄罗斯国家原子能集团（Rosatom）的"长期目标"，即"接入扎波罗热和顿涅茨克地区被非法占领的电网，并重启核反应堆"。

乌克兰绿色和平组织最新的卫星分析显示，尽管处于高风险的战时状态，俄罗斯可能正在准备重启至少一座核反应堆。该环保组织称，俄罗斯工程师正在建设长达125英里（201公里）的输电线路，以连接被占领城市梅利托波尔和马里乌波尔的变电站，工程已于2024年12月启动。

根据绿色和平组织的分析，俄罗斯已为核电站冷却池新建了一套供水系统，并蓄意破坏了连接该设施与乌克兰电网的一条750千伏输电线路。

美联社无法独立核实乌克兰绿色和平组织的分析报告。

自2022年莫斯科发动入侵以来，该核电站一直处于俄罗斯控制之下。其六座反应堆虽处于所谓冷停堆状态（即核反应已停止），但仍装载着铀燃料。然而，核电站需依赖外部电力维持反应堆冷却并驱动其他安全系统。战争期间外部电力多次中断，迫使核电站依赖现场柴油发电机维持运行。

扎波罗热市位于基辅东南方向约440公里（275英里）处，目前由乌克兰控制。由于前线临近，核电站周边已发生多起袭击事件。国际原子能机构（IAEA）定期轮换驻厂人员，以核查核电站安全状况并提供专业技术支持。

泽连斯基就武器交易与地区紧张局势发表讲话

乌克兰总统泽连斯基周六在基辅举行的新闻发布会上详细介绍了其所谓的对美武器采购“超级大单”，技术会议将于9月下旬启动。这份价值900亿美元的协议既包含主要武器订单，也包含一项单独的“无人机协议”——美国将直接采购乌克兰制造的无人机。

泽连斯基表示："我们已与（特朗普）总统讨论并达成主要共识，现正推进具体落实工作。"他补充称，乌克兰已向美方提交详细的军事需求清单，其中包括远程武器系统的援助请求。

泽连斯基还批评了匈牙利在乌克兰上空的无人机活动，称乌克兰情报部门追踪到至少一架无人机。他表示：“我认为他们正在做非常危险的事情——非常危险的事情，首先对他们自己来说就是如此。”

他表示情报部门已通过照片和电子追踪记录了该无人机的动向，但未具体说明“匈牙利情报机构在乌克兰境内研究的内容”。

匈牙利外长彼得·西雅尔多周五在脸书发文称，乌克兰总统“丧失了理智”且“产生了幻觉”。

由总理欧尔班·维克托领导的匈牙利一直与俄罗斯保持密切关系，并对向乌克兰提供军事援助持批评态度。

泽连斯基还透露，一套以色列提供的爱国者防空系统过去一个月已在乌克兰投入使用，另有**两套**爱国者系统预计将于今秋运抵。

以色列的“爱国者”防空系统已在乌克兰运行。他表示：“已经一个月了，这套系统运作了一个月。”但拒绝透露更多关于防空部署的细节。以色列国防部对此不予置评。

美联社驻伦敦记者埃莉斯·莫顿对本报道亦有贡献。

关注美联社对乌克兰战争的报道，请访问：

KYIV, Ukraine (AP) Ukraines Russian-occupied Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant entered its fifth day running on emergency generators Saturday, prompting mounting safety concerns.

President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, meanwhile, announced a $90 billion arms agreement with the United States and criticized Hungary for carrying out dangerous intelligence-gathering drone activities over Ukraine.

External power to the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant, Europes largest, has been cut for more than four days in a record outage at the six-reactor facility on the front line of the war, Greenpeace Ukraine warned Saturday.

Emergency diesel generators are being used to power cooling and safety systems after the final power line was severed on Tuesday, according to the U.N. nuclear watchdog. Rafael Grossi, director general of the International Atomic Energy Agency, met with Russian President Vladimir Putin on Thursday, but the external power supply was not restored.

The reactor core and used nuclear fuel must be cooled to prevent them overheating and triggering dangerous meltdowns like the ones that occurred in 2011, when an earthquake and tsunami hit the Fukushima plant in Japan. The U.N. atomic watchdog has repeatedly warned of the possibility of a radiation catastrophe like the one at Chernobyl, about 480 kilometers (300 miles) to the northwest, where a reactor exploded in 1986.

Ukrainian officials confirmed the severity of the situation. Minister of Energy Svitlana Hrynchuk told The Associated Press that the plant remains in blackout mode, which is a significant violation of the conditions for its normal operation, marking the 10th such incident since Russias full-scale invasion in February 2022. The cause, she said, was another shelling by the Russians, which damaged the only power transmission line supplying the plant from the Ukrainian energy system.

The Russian-controlled Telegram channel for the plant said Saturday that sufficient diesel fuel reserves are available on-site to ensure long-term autonomous operation of the generators.

A radiation and nuclear energy specialist at Greenpeace Ukraine, Jan Vande Putte, said emergency diesel generators are considered the last line of defense, used only in extreme circumstances.

These are undoubtedly the most serious and important events since the beginning of the occupation of the ZNPP by Russia in March 2022, he said.

Images suggest Russia may be trying to restart one reactor

Putte said that it was Russias deliberate actions that led to the plants disconnection from the external power grid of Ukraine. He warned that the development advanced Russias state-owned nuclear energy company Rosatoms long-standing goal to connect to the illegally occupied power grid in Zaporizhia and Donetsk regions and restart the nuclear reactor.

New satellite analysis by Greenpeace Ukraine suggests that Russia may be positioning to restart at least one reactor despite high-risk wartime conditions. The environmental group said Russian engineers are building 125 miles (201 kilometers) of power lines connecting substations in the occupied cities of Melitopol and Mariupol, with construction beginning in December 2024.

According to Greenpeaces analysis, Russia has also completed construction of a new water supply system for the plants cooling pond and deliberately damaged a 750-kilovolt power line that had connected the facility to Ukraines electrical grid.

The Associated Press could not independently verify Greenpeace Ukraines analysis.

The plant has been held by Russia since Moscows invasion in 2022. Its six reactors remain fueled with uranium though they are in a so-called cold shutdown meaning nuclear reactions have stopped. However, the plant relies on external electricity to keep its reactor cool and power other safety systems. That external power has been cut multiple times in the war, forcing the plant to rely on diesel generators on site.

The city of Zaporizhzhia, about 440 kilometers (275 miles) southeast of Kyiv, is held by Ukraine and attacks have occurred around the plant as the front line is close. The IAEA rotates staff through the facility to check the plants safety and offer its expertise.

Zelenskyy addresses arms deal and regional tensions

Zelenskyy detailed Saturday at a press briefing in Kyiv what he called a mega deal for weapons purchases from the United States, with technical meetings beginning in late September. The $90 billion package includes both the major arms agreement and a separate drone deal for Ukrainian-made drones that the U.S. will purchase directly.

We discussed and agreed on the main points with the President (Trump). Now we are moving on to practical implementation, Zelenskyy said, adding that Ukraine had provided detailed specifications of its military needs to the U.S., including requests for long-range weapons systems.

Zelenskyy also criticized Hungarian drone activity over Ukraine, saying Ukrainian intelligence tracked of at least one drone. I believe they are doing very dangerous things very dangerous things, first and foremost for themselves, Zelenskyy said.

He said that intelligence services had documented the drones movement with photos and electronic tracking, though he did not elaborate on what Hungarian intelligence is studying on the territory of Ukraine.

Posting on Facebook on Friday, Hungarian Foreign Minister Peter Szijjarto said the Ukrainian president lost his mind and was seeing things.

Hungary, led by Prime Minister Viktor Orbn, has maintained close ties with Russia and has been critical of military aid to Ukraine.

Zelenskyy also disclosed that an Israeli Patriot air defense system has been operating in Ukraine for the past month, with two additional Patriot systems expected to arrive in the fall.

The Israeli (Patriot) system is operating in Ukraine. Already a month, its been working for one month, he said, declining to provide further details about the air defense deployments. Israels Defense Ministry refused to comment.

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Associated Press writer Elise Morton in London contributed to this report.

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